Abstract: There are two different logics and modes for major countries in the world to promote the construction of modern industrial system, which are upgrading the industrial structure and optimizing the industrial organization. Due to the technological changes and geopolitical conflicts, based on policy convergence and integration, countries all over the world are currently focusing on the construction of a new mode and policy structure centered on industrial chain policies in the context of industrial chain resilience and security. In the development of modern industries, industrial chain policies integrate the functions of industrial policies, competition policies, and other policies, having the compatibility characteristics of complementary functions and consistent goals. The modern industrial system and the modernization of the industrial chain have a high degree of consistency in the logic and content of economic theory, which determines that the modernization of the industrial chain must be placed at the center of building a modern industrial system. To promote the construction of a modern industrial system through systematic and integrated industrial chain policies, we need to achieve the following points.
1. Design industrial chain breakthrough policies from the nodes, and solve the problems of weak links and strong foundations in the industrial chain.
2. Design industry chain coordination policies from the connectivity and address the issues of policy consistency and synergy.
3. Design policies that encourage industrial upgrading in the industrial chain and address the issue of industrial status from the perspective of division.
4. Design industrial chain policies that optimize layout from a spatial perspective and address the potential issues of industrial chain disconnection, decoupling and relocation in the process of global industrial chain restructuring.
