The book explains systematically Nanjing’s unique model of independent innovation, summarized as “12345”, i.e., One Platform, Two Mechanisms, Three Forces, Four Carriers, and Five Fields”. “One Platform” refers to the government-industry-university-institute platform, which is based on the benefit of scientific and educational resources, and aims to encourage the transformation of scientific and educational achievements and resource integration. “Two Mechanisms” refers to the market mechanism and the government’s robust support mechanism. “Three Forces” refers to the three innovation forces, those being, local government, universities and scientific research institutes, as well as enterprises (including military enterprises). “Four Carriers” refers to the four carriers of innovation, namely, national key laboratories, incubators of high-tech enterprises, science parks, and science cities, as well as national development areas in the technical chain. “Five Fields” refers to the five high-tech industries in which significant breakthroughs are made in technological innovation and technology transfer, namely, the electronic information industry, automobile industry, petrochemical industry, new high-tech industry and modern service industry, which have become industrial pillars of innovative cities.
