Abstract: Based on the transformation of China's principal social contradiction and the features of its current development stage, this paper systematically sorts out the historical logic and practical foundation behind the shift of the practical paradigm of industrial policy toward fostering a modern industrial system. It deconstructs the four major driving mechanisms for advancing this development task, demonstrates the inevitability and contemporary value of the upgrade from industrial policy to industrial chain policy, and distills the core categories of industrial economic theory with Chinese characteristics. The research reveals that China's localized practice of industrial policy has broken the paradigmatic shackles of traditional Western industrial economic theory, forged an industrial development logic adaptable to China's national conditions and consistent with contemporary trends, and laid a solid practical foundation and theoretical source for developing an independent knowledge system of Chinese industrial economics.
