The national system and capacity for governance are the embodiment of the national system and its enforcement capability. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China took upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and advancing the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance as a major strategic task for the whole party, further clarified the overall goals at three points in time, emphasizing that institutions in all fields are notably improved when the CPC marks its centenary before the modernization of China's system. It is necessary to highlight the importance of institutes, uphold and improve the fundamental, basic and important institutions, and strive to build a set of institutions that are well conceived, fully built, procedure based and efficiently functioning. The Yangtze River Industrial Economic Research Institute of Nanjing University organized dozens of experts and scholars to conduct online discussions immediately after the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, focusing on the relationship between the fifth modernization and the four modernizations, what systems are most in need of improvement now and how to address the current shortcomings and weaknesses in governance capabilities. The content will be divided into two journals to publish the discussion content. The topic of this issue is about what systems are most in need of improvement now.Scholars believe that it is necessary to further improve the basic socialist economic system, the party's leadership system, the administrative system and government governance system, the modernization of the rule of law, the income distribution system, the livelihood security system for urban and rural areas and the modern financial system.
