The fiscal sustainability of China and the United States is a global concern. The comparative analysis based on the data shows that the current government debt situation of China and the United States is not in an abnormal range. Relatively speaking, China's government debt situation is still in a healthy space. There is no evidence to support the judgment that China's local government debt may be in crisis, even though it is widely concerned by the community. However, in the long run, both China and the United States will face the pressure of rapid increase in financial expenditure in the fields of pension and health care due to the aging population, which will bring severe challenges to the two countries’ fiscal sustainability. In the face of this serious challenge, both China and the United States need to take precautions and speed up the pace of institutional reform in the fields of pension and health care.
