Abstract: Socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics has the essential attribute of "taking the people as the center". It is China's mainstream economics to provide the basic theory of economics based on its essential provisions. Its mission and goal determine that the main line of socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics is to liberate, develop and protect productive forces in order to achieve common prosperity. Socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics is an emerging discipline under construction. Many economic theories need to be innovated according to practice. The basic path of innovation is problem orientation, including problem orientation of the times, main social contradictions in the new era, high-quality economic development and modernization. As the mainstream economics of China, the level of economic analysis of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics can not be too narrow. Its theoretical system includes four plates: economic system, economic operation, economic development and open economy. Among them, the research of each plate should analyze the real economic problems, rather than stay on the abstract principles.
