Abstract: Starting with the economic issues of sustainable development, this paper studies the construction of sustainable development economics. To promote modernization, we need to focus on solving resource and environmental problems. Sustainable development economics studies the allocation of natural resources and environmental resources. Different from general economics, it involves not only intra generational allocation, but also intergenerational allocation; It not only pursues the fair allocation between the same generation, but also involves the fair allocation between different generations. The concept of green development includes the innovation of the concept of wealth. Economic development should seek not only material wealth, but also ecological wealth. To achieve sustainable development, we need to increase investment in resources to improve the level of resources and environment, increase their supply and break through the natural boundary of economic growth. The incentive theory related to natural resource investment involves the pursuit of ecological wealth, the law of diminishing marginal return, land capital and its accumulation, and the property right incentive and restraint of resource utilization. The realization of resource conservation and environmental friendliness required by sustainable development is not only the responsibility of the government, but also the responsibility of enterprises, which should become the conscious action of enterprises. Therefore, we need to get out of the misunderstanding of the economic man hypothesis and make the manufacturers allocate resources more reasonably and effectively through the internalization (privatization) of social costs.
