The United States and Japan are the strongest countries in the global manufacturing industry. The U.S. industrial circulation model can be described as: importing low-end industrial products and raw materials → domestically producing high-end equipment and industrial products, software and Internet services → satisfying the domestic market while occupying the international market . Japan's industrial circulation model can be summarized as: import assembly, labor-intensive industrial products → focus on the development of high value-added parts, materials, and high-end equipment demestically, and invest in terminal products overseas → products have high market share, strong competitiveness and weak substitutability in domestic and international markets.Finally, by comparing the characteristics of industrial circulation between China and developed economies such as the United States and Japan, we draw the following enlightenment: China will gradually launch direct competition with developed countries in key industrial fields. Under the new development pattern, we should enhance the international competitiveness of the industry, climb to the high end of the international industrial chain, and understand the industrial development under the new development pattern from the perspective of national strategy.
